Our work in the Global Climate Law program focuses on State obligations under the UN climate regime, international environmental law, human rights law, the law of the sea, and general international law; advisory opinions and other proceedings before international and regional courts and tribunals; loss and damage and State responsibility; and the ways international legal norms shape national climate governance and litigation. Through research, legal submissions, convenings, and partnerships, we analyze how global legal standards are evolving and how they can support effective and equitable climate action.
Featured Legal Tools & Projects
Research & Publications
The ICJ’s Advisory Opinion on Climate Change, edited by Maria Antonia Tigre, Maxim Bönnemann & Antoine De Spiegeleir (2025)
The Role of Advisory Opinions in International Law in the Context of the Climate Crisis, edited by Maria Antonia Tigre & Armando Rocha (2025)
The Inter-American Human Rights System and Climate Litigation, by Maria Antonia Tigre & Thalia Viveros-Uehara, in Climate Change Before International Courts: A Comparative Study (2025)
Trends in Human Rights Law-Making: The Implications of ‘Norming’ Climate Rights, by Maria Antonia Tigre & Katherine Quinn, in Human Rights and Investment Law for Climate Change (2025)
The Right to a Healthy Environment in Latin America and the Caribbean: Compliance through the Inter-American System and the Escazú Agreement, by Maria Antonia Tigre, in International Courts Versus Non-Compliance Mechanisms: Comparative Advantages in Strengthening Treaty Implementation (2024)
Reports and White Papers
Advisory Opinion on Climate Change: Summary of Written Observations Submitted to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Part 1), edited by Maria Antonia Tigre (2024)
ITLOS Advisory Opinion on Climate Change: Summary of Briefs and Statements Submitted to the Tribunal, edited by Maria Antonia Tigre & Korey Silverman-Roati (2023)
Status Report on Principles of International and Human Rights Law Relevant to Climate Change, by Katelyn Horne, Maria Antonia Tigre & Michael Gerrard (2023)
Articles
Loss and Damage and State Responsibility in the Paris Era: Parallel Avenues to Address the Adverse Effects of Climate Change, by Armando Rocha, Maria Antonia Tigre & Miriam Cohen, Climate Law (published Aug. 21, 2026)
It Is (Finally) Time for an Advisory Opinion on Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities on a Trio of Initiatives, by Maria Antonia Tigre, 17 Charleston L. Rev. 623 (2023)
International Recognition of the Right to a Healthy Environment: What Is the Added Value for Latin America and the Caribbean?, by Maria Antonia Tigre, 117 AJIL Unbound 184 (2023)
New Zealand Legislates Away Climate Tort, Part II: International Climate Obligations and Access to Justice, by Maria Antonia Tigre (Aug. 28, 2026)
From Awas Tingni to Advisory Opinion 32/25: The Inter-American Court Rewrites the Rules on Climate and the Environment, by Maria Antonia Tigre (June 23, 2026)
Defining Climate Justice in the African Human Rights System: On the Climate Advisory Opinion Request to the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, by Nouwagnon Olivier Afogo, Maria Antonia Tigre, Armando Rocha & Miriam Cohen (July 2, 2025)
Blog Series
Climate Reparations Blog Symposium
- Climate Change and Reparations: Introduction to the Blog Symposium, by Miriam Cohen, Armando Rocha, Maria Antonia Tigre, Vladyslav Lanovoy, Camille Martini & Eneas Xavier (Sept. 2, 2025)
ICJ Advisory Opinion and IACtHR Advisory Opinion blog symposia (2025)
- A Panoply of Consequences? Remedies and Reparations in the ICJ’s Climate Opinion, by Maria Antonia Tigre, Camille Martini, Miriam Cohen & Armando Rocha (Aug. 13, 2025)
- The ICJ’s Advisory Opinion on Climate Change: An Introduction, by Maria Antonia Tigre, Maxim Bönnemann & Antoine De Spiegeleir (July 24, 2025)
- A Blueprint for Rights-Based Climate Action: The Inter-American Court of Human Rights’ Advisory Opinion on the Climate Emergency, by Maria Antonia Tigre, Maxim Bönnemann & Korey Silverman-Roati (July 8, 2025)
African Court (Blog Series)
You can find all Global Climate Law-related research and publications here.
You can find all Global Climate Law-related blog posts here as two Categories on the Climate Law Blog: See Climate Litigation posts here. See "Global Climate Litigation" tagged blog posts here; and see "International" blog posts here.
Engagement Work
See all past Global Climate Law events here.